The Illinois primary this Tuesday, March 16 will determine which two will get the nomination of their respective party, and so the chance to square off in the election in November.

To help Jewish voters make their decisions on who to vote for in the primary, we asked each of the 14 candidates to answer five questions of particular concern to Jewish voters. All of the candidates answered our questions, with the sole exception of Democrat Blair Hull.

But we did get the answers of the 13 other candidates. We told them their answers could be as long or short as they wished. It was completely up to them, which is why, as you will see, there is a great variety in the length of the answers.

And so, what follows are the answers to our five questions from those who wish to represent you in the Senate. Read them, make your choice and then vote on March 16.

1. What do you think is the appropriate American role in the Middle East? Do you support the way President Bush has dealt with the peace process the last three years?

Democrats

Gery Chico
For more than half a century, the United States and Israel have shared a critically important and mutually respectful friendship as sovereign nations. America's passionate commitment to Israel is based not only on our common beliefs in democracy and the pursuit of peace, but also on the admiration and appreciation Americans have for the courage of the Israeli people. Israelis, while continually defending their country, have never wavered in trying to make their part of the world a more peaceful place. Israel has proven time and time again that it is America's only true friend and ally in the Middle East as the region's only real democratic society.

As a staunch U.S. ally, Israel has consistently cooperated with our military in exercises and training missions in dealing with situations in the Middle East. We must continue to foster this cooperation and training as it mutually benefits both countries, while further cementing our historic ties.

President Bush was not engaged in the peace process following his election, and his passive approach and lack of meaningful intervention has led to the current situation in the Middle East. President Bush needs to recognize the long-standing friendship and historic relationship between the U.S. and Israel, and be more engaged.

I believe the following principles should guide U.S. actions:

• A. Status of Israel - Israel's immediate neighbors must unequivocally acknowledge Israel as a sovereign nation and respect Israel's security needs.

• B. Jerusalem - The status of Jerusalem as the undivided capital of Israel should always remain a constant and never be compromised. Our embassy needs to be in this nation's capital, as all of our embassies are around the world. Israel should not be treated differently.

• C. U.S.-Israel Partnership - Israel should always maintain the right to negotiate directly with potential peace partners. Only by negotiating from a position of strength, supported by the United States, will Israel be able to realize a genuine peace that guarantees lasting security. The U.S. should act as a facilitator of peace between Israel, the Palestinians and the Arab states, but should never pressure Israel to accept proposed solutions or conditions that compromises its security or integrity as a nation.

• D. Right to Self-Defense - Israel is not an aggressor when defending its own citizens. Throughout its history, Israel has had to fight again and again for survival. The threats continue. When confronting the many Middle East factions that use terror in an effort to gain leverage, Israel must be allowed the right to be assertive in fighting for its safety and security, as any nation would be allowed.

• E. Halting the Violence and Rejecting Terrorism - The United States should use diplomacy and apply pressure to prevent the Palestinians from perpetrating further acts of violence against the Israelis and people in Israel. These acts simply shock any notion of civil, decent human behavior. The U.S. must also publicly reject Syria's ongoing support for terrorism. Countries such as Syria, Iran, Iraq, Libya and Sudan should remain on the official U.S. list of countries that sponsor terrorism. The U.S. must match the listing with an active policy that imposes consequences on terrorist sponsoring nations. As a senator, I would support such measures as the Syria Accountability Act.

• F. U.S. Aid to Israel - The United States should continue to provide financial assistance to the State of Israel. Annual aid is a major symbol of the firm, unbreakable partnership that exists between the U.S. and Israel, and serves to help Israel deter its adversaries and enhance security.

Dan Hynes
The Middle East peace process has essentially stalled. Given the historic and strategic significance of the region, as well as the economic and social devastation among the people living in it, the United States cannot sit back and allow the suffering and violence to continue. I first visited Israel when I was in grade school, and I returned to Israel in 2002. During my most recent visit, I was struck by the relative emptiness of shops and restaurants, and by the emotional toll of violence that was readily apparent in the faces of the Israeli people. Israel is our strategic ally, and we must do everything we can to stop the economic, political and social devastation that is gripping the Israeli people.

The United States must reengage the leaders of Israel and the Palestinian people with leadership and diplomacy that will set them on a path to peace. We cannot be intermittent in our attention to the conflict or our commitment to its resolution. The United States must maintain a constant vigilance so that the Roadmap for Peace moves forward and the parties remain committed to it. I will fight for a renewed commitment to lead Israel and the Palestinian people to a just and peaceful resolution of the conflict. To demonstrate that the United States is committed to achieving a just and lasting peace, I will fight for the appointment of a seasoned statesperson to act as a special envoy to the conflict until it is finally resolved.

While I support the president's commitment to Israel's right to defend itself and his call for Palestinian leadership that is committed to peace, I firmly believe this president's foreign policy has severely damaged our ability to act as a true broker of peace. His heavy-handedness in the world community during the months preceding our war with Iraq and his failure to build an international coalition including Muslim and Arab allies prior to entering Iraq have made it very difficult for us to advance the peace process for Israelis and Palestinians.

Barack Obama
There cannot be peace in the Middle East unless terrorism ends and the Palestinians undertake democratic reforms within their own society. And while I firmly believe that America must retain its special relationship with Israel as the only democracy in the Middle East, the US must work harder to foster conditions in which Israel and the Palestinians can take meaningful steps towards peace. While protecting Israel's ability to meet its security needs, we should offer our services as an honest broker between the two sides, recognizing that they must ultimately forge an agreement through mutual consent.

Maria Pappas
America should be a promoter of peace and democracy in the Middle East. I don't support President Bush's initial approach, which was to be disengaged from the Israeli- Palestinian conflict. He walked away from too many international accords and he wasn't pursuing a multilateral approach. His Road Map for Peace has not had much success so far. The United States must do everything in its power along with allies and international organizations to bring both parties back to the peace table, but ultimately, it is up to the Israelis and Palestinians to make a peace agreement.

Nancy Skinner
In February 2000, I attended an intensive seminar in Israel, sponsored by the American Jewish Committee, to help radio hosts better understand the crisis there. We met with representatives from both sides of the conflict, from Knesset members to Palestinian officials and Arab Israelis.

The United States is the only entity, in my view, that can help negotiate a two-state solution, as both peoples have desired for so long. President Bush first ignored the situation far too long, until it became explosive. The road map seems to provide no direction at all to an end to this crisis.

Joyce Washington
United States policies in the region must be based on the promotion of freedom, human rights, democracy, stability, peace, and economic development throughout the Middle East. A cornerstone of our policies in the region must recognize our special relationship with Israel.

Israel and the United States have enjoyed a special bond based on a mutual commitment to the values that bind together our two societies: a passion for freedom, human rights and democracy, as well as our shared strategic interests, including deterrence of war, defeating terrorism, promoting stability and achieving peace. Established by immigrants seeking freedom from oppression, both nations are symbols of liberty and pluralism in a world marked by intolerance and authoritarianism.

Over the past five decades, this relationship has matured from a strategic alliance into a strong, unshakable partnership that is a cornerstone of American foreign policy. The United States must and will stand with Israel, the only true democracy in the Middle East, as Israel makes the necessary decisions for the security and welfare of its citizens.

I will work to maintain and strengthen this alliance because I believe that doing so will promote the national security interests and values that America must seek in the world today. Now more than ever, we must let the world know that this relationship is more than just a marriage of convenience-it is a moral compact that cannot be broken.

In June 2002, President George W. Bush laid out a new paradigm to bring peace to the Middle East. He said that the U.S. would only consider recognizing a Palestinian state after the Palestinians have new and responsible leadership that is not tainted by corruption and terrorism. The Palestinian leadership must be committed to the destruction of terrorist infrastructure and peace with Israel. I support the renewed peace process and the release of the Roadmap, but efforts to move forward in the process must be predicated on performance, not timetables.

Republicans

John Borling
America as the world's only superpower must continue to promote peace through our allies in the region, namely, Israel, one of the region's only democracies. Above all, we must stand firm with any peace- loving nation that stands up to terrorism and all that comes of it.

I support the president's Roadmap to Peace. It seems that the best way to peace is to have clear, definable goals in a timetable.

Chirinjeev Kathuria
I support the war on terrorism and I am a strong supporter of Israel's right to defend herself against attacks. I recognize the right of Israel to exist and support actions to ensure the safety of all people to worship freely. With regards to the Israeli-Palestinian question, I support the basic idea of the president's Roadmap to Peace in the Middle East plan. However, I am also acutely aware that plan will head towards a dead end unless there is a cease to hostilities first, especially suicide bombings and other major hostilities being directed at innocent people.

Andy McKenna
Though the prospect of peace in the Middle East remains unsettled, I have a very clear focus on the State of Israel, its security and how to approach its interests as a United States senator from Illinois. I believe, first and foremost, that Jerusalem should remain the undivided capital of the State of Israel. Since June of 1967, Israel has permitted people of all faiths to worship and visit holy sites and places in this eternal city. Under Israeli jurisdiction, Jerusalem will remain an international treasure. I am strictly committed to this principle.

As an instrument of peaceful negotiation, the Bush Administration's proposal deserves serious support by everyone committed to ending terrorism in the Middle East.

Israel's right to exist, however, must be at the center of all negotiations before the Roadmap can be implemented. The sovereignty and dignity of the Palestinian people must also be understood and respected. There can never be lasting peace in the Middle East until both sides come together to appreciate the value of peace for all individuals residing in the region. The unrelenting terror that has plagued Israel for decades must end. While the Roadmap is not perfect, it does provide the basic principles required to begin a serious, committed dialogue. I envision a lasting, permanent peace where Israelis and Palestinians will live and work side by side. I envision a two-state solution that engenders economic growth, cultural development and educational investment. As senator from the state of Illinois, I would be committed to guiding the peace process according to these principles.

Jim Oberweis
We now have the opportunity to have the first Arab democracy in the Middle East. I am hopeful that democracy will spread to other countries in the Middle East. We have already seen positive diplomatic results in Libya.

Steve Rauschenberger
America must continue to provide financial and governmental support to Israel, the only democracy in the Middle East. I believe President Bush has correctly encouraged the peace process while also demanding that the Palestinians be credible partners to the peace process.

Jack Ryan
I strongly support the policies of the Bush administration in dealing with the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. We need to continue efforts to dismantle terrorist groups in the region, support President Bush and his Roadmap to Peace and Security in the Middle East and continue in the aid and support of Israel.

It is crucial that we as a country support Israel as the only democracy in the Middle East, and as the country who is at the forefront of the war on terror, while embracing our shared beliefs of ridding the region of weapons of mass destruction, terrorism, and religious extremism.

Jonathan Wright
I support President Bush's efforts to assist the peace process between Israel and the Palestinian people. The U.S. can play a vital role to assist the peace process. However, we must guard against any policy-no matter how well intentioned-that usurps the sovereignty of the people of Israel.

2. What would you call on Israel to do to help bring peace? And what about the Palestinians? What is your view of Israel's security fence? Do you think Yasser Arafat is someone that should be dealt with?

Democrats

Gery Chico
I believe Israel has already made significant efforts and sacrifices to help bring about peace in the region. Unfortunately, Israel does not have a partner for peace. The Palestinians will never be able to satisfy the minimum requirements for a peaceful solution in Israel until Yasser Arafat is no longer in control of Palestinian security. As long as Arafat controls these forces, there will be no way to halt the unconscionable acts of violence against Israel and the Israeli people. And until that pattern of violence is eradicated, there will be no true path to a meaningful and lasting peace.

Arafat has proven that making peace with Israel is not in his interests and therefore he cannot be trusted to be a true partner in peace and in negotiating an agreement between the Palestinians and Israel. His links with terror organizations make him diametrically opposed to the anti- terror policy of the United States. Arafat should not be dealt with.

Although the security fence may be causing inconvenience for some, there are a great many Israelis who now feel more secure and believe the fence saves lives. I respect the Israeli people's right to protect themselves from all forms of terrorism and to decide what is the most prudent and effective way of doing so.

Dan Hynes
I fully support the peace process whereby Israel and the Palestinian Leadership come to a mutual agreement that would ensure safe and secure borders for Israel. I believe that both sides must immediately commit to the parameters of the Road Map. Israel has every right to insist upon a cessation of violence and incitement on the part of Palestinians. Israel is also justified in insisting on full Palestinian compliance with its commitments before Israel surrenders more territory.

During my travels in Israel, I have witnessed firsthand the toll that violence has taken on the Israeli people, both in terms of their human losses and in terms of the economic devastation. With respect to the security fence, I firmly believe that until we have walked in the shoes of the Israelis, we cannot pass judgment on their attempts to secure their families and their society from violence. I do believe, however, that we must be committed and unwavering in our efforts to broker a just and lasting peace.

Yasser Arafat's support of terrorism against the Israeli people and disingenuous approach to the peace process must be condemned, and he should be replaced with new, responsible Palestinian leadership. In addition, I am hopeful that new Palestinian leaders will emerge and be successful in strengthening the Palestinian economy, making improvements in the Palestinian political structure, clamping down on terrorists, and taking control of the Palestinian security apparatus-all of which are necessary to foster a stable Palestinian state.

Barack Obama
The premise of the road map, a two- state solution requiring negotiations on such issues as settlements, boundaries and security guarantees, is basically sound. The problem is that President Bush's neglect of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict during the first two years of his term, coupled with the distraction of the invasion and occupation of Iraq, has kept us from aggressively promoting the roadmap process. Similarly, the creation of a wall dividing the two nations is yet another example of the neglect of this Administration in brokering peace.

In addition, the Iraq war has strengthened the hand of Arab autocrats and hardliners who have no interest in a peaceful resolution of the Israel-Palestinian conflict while handicapping more moderate forces truly interested in pursuing peace.

Maria Pappas
Israel should do whatever it can to reduce the presence of troops in Palestinian areas and make very transparent its plans for a peace agreement with the Palestinians. However, the Palestinians must stop terrorist attacks on Israel civilian targets. The Israel security fence is an Israeli effort to cut down on terrorism and to cut the cycle of violence and retaliation. If the security fence is not successful at cutting the violence or if there is a real movement toward peace and a real cessation of violence, then the fence should be removed in order to arrive at a two-state solution. Yasser Arafat hasn't shown that he is committed to making peace, but he is still the main leader of the Palestinian people so he still must be dealt with until the Palestinians present a leader who is more able to be a partner in seeking a peace agreement.

Nancy Skinner
Yasser Arafat has clearly lost the confidence of the world community. Yet when two new prime ministers were appointed, they were not given enough support from Israel and the U.S. to support a new moderate Palestinian leadership, which could have gained the confidence of the people and crushed the terrorists within.

The polls now show Sharon losing support among Israelis because of a lack of progress and several military leaders are openly opposing occupation. Both sides must go back to the table. The fence may provide security if it is the result of an agreed political solution, but it seems that no fence can keep hatred and terror from disrupting lives if a political solution is not at the foundation.

Joyce Washington
After being offered unprecedented concessions by Israel at the Camp David summit in 2000, the Palestinian Authority, led by Yasser Arafat, planned and orchestrated a violent campaign against Israel in the hopes of extracting concessions that they did not achieve in negotiations. This calculated policy violates existing peace agreements between Israel and the Palestinians, and it undermines the basis of the peace process, which is based on the rejection of violence and the acceptance of a negotiated political process to resolve the conflict. After hundreds of suicide bombings and more than 750 innocent Israelis killed, it is absolutely clear that violence and the peace process cannot coexist.

The Palestinian leadership must be committed to the destruction of terrorist infrastructure and peace with Israel. I support the renewed peace process and the release of the Roadmap, but efforts to move forward in the process must be predicated on performance, not timetables.

In order for the Palestinians to achieve their national aspirations, a responsible Palestinian leader must emerge who will take immediate, decisive, and unconditional steps to dismantle terrorist groups that carry out terrorist operations against Israeli civilians and soldiers and seek to delegitimize Israel.

Although many Palestinians continue to view Yasser Arafat as a symbolic figurehead, he has proven that he is not a leader who will take the steps necessary to advance the peace process. His leadership consists of glorifying and supporting terrorists, cultivating grievance and hatred, and inspiring a new generation of Palestinians to reject co-existence with Israel.

The success of the peace process relies on the unwavering and unquestionable partnership between the United States and Israel. The United States must allow Israel to make its own decisions on matters of its national security, including decisions involving the security fence. The United States should continue in its historic role as a facilitator of direct dialogue between Israel and the Palestinians. However, any agreement must have the mutual consent and agreement of the parties. The United States should never attempt to impose solutions on the parties or pressure Israel into making concessions under the threat of terrorist attacks. Such a strategy is doomed to failure.

Ultimately, of course, the parties themselves must make decisions regarding the content of specific peace agreements. Any agreement will have to recognize Israelis' security needs, which only Israel can define. Moreover, the United States should be prepared to provide financial assistance for a peace agreement. Such an investment in security is in our national interest.

Republicans

John Borling
Israel has done much already in the quest for peace by offering to give up lands that were hard-fought for. She needs to be ever-vigilant in treating those law-abiding Palestinians already in Israel with respect and dignity, recognizing that no matter how hard she bends over backwards to do so, perceived slights may still occur.

Clearly, the suicide murders must stop. Until Palestinian leadership can get a handle on that problem, it will be difficult to deal with them seriously.

The fence is a necessary evil. In a perfect world, it would come down, but we don't live in a perfect world. If that's the only way to secure the peace for Israel, then it must stay up.

Yasser Arafat is a leader who has abetted terrorism. No meaningful peace accord will be reached until he either has a real conversion to wanting peace, or he is no longer in the picture.

Chirinjeev Kathuria
Serious efforts and reforms are put forward to head into the next phase. Right now, both sides need to work together and start listening to each other if anything good is going to be accomplished. A solution cannot be reached from the U.S. forcing any conditions, a fact that was proven in the failed 1999 peace accords between Clinton, Arafat, and Barak. Every effort was made to please the Palestinian forces and yet they were unwilling to accept a deal pressured by the U.S. government. Rather, another outside party that holds no preconceived ideas would perhaps be the best choice to mediate the conflict for the time being. Finally, I want to make sure the money sent to the Middle East is going to the right places and is prioritized or else it will go to waste. The U.S. must keep its commitment to helping to protect Israel from foreign attack.

Andy McKenna
If the Bush proposal is to have a chance, we must hold all participants in the process accountable. One nation that clearly deserves more scrutiny is Syria. As an active supporter of Hezbollah and Hamas, Syria is one of the world's largest exporters of hatred, fear and violence. As U.S. senator, I would vote for sanctions against Syria. The Assad government must understand that serious peace requires serious commitment. Syria is subject to fewer U.S. sanctions than any other country on the State Department's list of State Sponsors of Terrorism. Its explicit support of extremism and terror poses a continuing threat to the State of Israel and a long-term security challenge to the United States as well.

As a means of securing peace, I will also support sustained funding for foreign aid to the State of Israel. I understand and appreciate that these vital programs are in the best interest of our own country. The "buy America" provision in the Senate's Foreign Aid Bill helps American business to grow and prosper. Aid to Israel-both economic and military- symbolizes America's long-standing commitment to Israel's strength and security.

Other partnerships, like the BIRD and BARD exchange programs, have been instrumental to our relationship with Israel as well. These programs, which have fostered agricultural and technological research and development, are vital to students and scholars in both our nations. As Israel's long-term security faces increasing pressure, the strategic importance of our continued partnership cannot be overstated.

As a member of the United States Senate, I will give voice and vote to advancing the peace process. As President George Bush has stated, Arab countries must end their isolation of Israel and eliminate their support for terrorism. There is a real opportunity today to advance a partnership that will bring long-term stability to Israel and her neighbors. This partnership will require continued American investment, leadership and dialogue. I am committed to this vision and I look forward to visiting a peaceful, prosperous Israel as a member of the United States Senate.

Jim Oberweis
I believe that Israel has and will continue to be a friend to the U.S.A . As a U.S. senator, I would work to find the best ways for peace in the Middle East.

Steve Rauschenberger
Since its inception, Israel has been under attack from Palestinian extremists who believe that Israel has no right to exist. Today is no different. In order to negotiate with the Palestinians to end the violence, we must have a credible partner in peace. The Palestinians must show a credible attempt at investigating and prosecuting terrorists. The United States must work with Palestinian Prime Minister Mahmoud Abbas to improve the Palestinian economy while demanding a greater effort in routing out and prosecuting terrorists. Yasser Arafat's time has come and gone.

Jack Ryan
The time has come for an end to the violence, bombings, and broken promises that have prevented the creation of lasting peace. As a nation, we need to be committed to the security of Israel as a Jewish state and the safety of the Israeli people.

Until there is true regime change in Palestine we will not be able to make a move toward lasting peace. I believe it is up to the people of Israel to make a decision about Israel's security fence.

Jonathan Wright
The U.S. should not make any demands on Israel in this peace process until such time as the Palestinian people take significant action to prevent terrorist attacks against Israel. Until such time as that happens, Israel should have the freedom to construct a security fence. The fence and issues of new settlements can be addressed if the Palestinian people deal with terrorist activity. Unfortunately, Yasser Arafat has not made any commitments to deal with terrorist organizations and therefore loses credibility as a leader of the Palestinian people. The peace process will not move forward until Arafat deals with terrorism or the Palestinian people support a different leader.

3. Do you support school vouchers for private and parochial schools?

Democrats

Gery Chico
I do not support vouchers or similar funding for private or parochial schools. I believe that instead of transferring students from underperforming schools, as the No Child Left Behind Act calls for, we must instead provide intensive remedial assistance to improve the schools. Such remedial assistance would include after-school and summer school programs, tutoring, smaller classes and longer school days.

Dan Hynes
No, because the inevitable loss of revenue for public schools would devastate public education at a time when schools are struggling to achieve federal standards and accountability, and are also facing crippling budget deficits.

Barack Obama
I fully support every parent's right to send their children to private or religious schools. One of my children, a kindergartner, currently attends a private school. I also support the idea of choice within the public school system. However, I oppose the use of public funds - through vouchers or otherwise - to pay for tuition at private or religious schools. At a time when our public schools are under extreme financial stress, vouchers would take additional money out of the public system. Unlike private schools, our public schools are required to accept and attempt to educate every child - no matter their economic circumstances or whatever disabilities they may have. They deserve sufficient funding to accomplish this difficult task.

Maria Pappas
I oppose attempts to drain money from our public schools by providing private school vouchers. Period. Low- income families should have the ability to choose between public schools if their original school is not meeting standards. However, I oppose private school vouchers and the oversight of private schools that would be needed once they start receiving taxpayer funds.

Nancy Skinner
No - I do not support vouchers for private schools.

Joyce Washington
I do not support wide-scale voucher programs at this point, but I do support small-scale experiments in which students who receive vouchers take the same standardized tests as public school students to determine if vouchers actually work. If they are determined to work I would support voucher programs, but only if vouchers are available to all students in failing schools.

Republicans

John Borling
I unequivocally support school vouchers as part of a broad-based solution to what's wrong with education. Local parents, taxpayers, teachers, and administrators do a much better job with education than bureaucrats-or politicians for that matter-in Washington.

Chirinjeev Kathuria
I believe that when local schools continue to fail our students year after year, parents need to have another opinion. That's why when people have school vouchers and charter schools-which I support-you have a place to demand good performance, and set reasonable guidelines for teachers. If a student wants to go to the next level, we've got to encourage them and educate them, whether it is to start a home learning program or something similar. We should allow school choice/vouchers and take lessons from private, parochial, and home schools on how to provide quality education more affordably. Teachers should be recruited from the private sector and allowed to teach without formal education coursework if they have practical experience. High school curricula should be more specialized to account for students' special aptitudes, i.e. mechanics, computers, biology, etc.

Andy McKenna
I do not support a mandatory federal voucher program. Instead, we should empower states and local communities to innovate and address their individual needs.

Jim Oberweis
Yes.

Steve Rauschenberger
Yes, I support vouchers.

Jack Ryan
I believe that all children should have a first-class education and a chance at the American Dream. Combining school choice with parental involvement will get students excited to learn. Illinois is full of great teachers, and being smarter with our resources will only help them do their jobs better. Overall we need to provide students and parents with a wide range of school choice options, make schools, teachers, and students accountable for their educational progress and ensure that federal education dollars make it into the classroom.

I strongly support "opportunity scholarships" in an effort to even the educational playing field and provide all children with a quality education. I am optimistic about the future of our country, but for too long we have ignored schools in our inner cities. In the new information economy, unless a child has an excellent education, there is little hope for a high paying job on which to raise a family later in life. A quality education is an essential component to success in the new global economy. Giving parents a choice and introducing opportunity to make failing public schools better is one solution to this problem.

Jonathan Wright
Yes. I support such vouchers and I support the use of vouchers for home school as well.

4. What is your view of President Bush's faith-based initiatives program?

Democrats

Gery Chico
I oppose the direction taken by this administration on faith-based initiatives because they are beginning to blur the line separating church and state; however, there are instances in which religious organizations may receive funding for specific programming, such as Head Start.

Dan Hynes
I support federal funding for faith- based initiatives, but we need to make sure that the policy adequately ensures that proselytizing does not occur in the provision of services, and that the money provided to religious organizations is being awarded in a non-discriminatory manner.

Barack Obama
Religious organizations have long been on the front lines in the battles against poverty, homelessness, drug addiction and HIV/AIDS - particularly in minority communities. Their continued involvement is needed, especially in these tough economic times. I support making federal funding available to secular and faith- based social service organizations on an equal basis so long as Faith-Based Initiatives are conducted in accordance with the Constitution. For example, federal money must not be used to support proselytizing activities, and coercion into a religiously affiliated program must be strictly prohibited. If the government adheres to these principles, I believe that public funding of faith-based programs is good public policy.

Maria Pappas
I am a believer in the good that religious charities accomplish. At the same time, I am a firm believer in the constitutional mandate of separation of church and state. I must draw the line at any government funding activities that would promote a religion or a religious viewpoint, rather than help deal with some of society's social needs.

Nancy Skinner
I oppose President Bush's faith-based initiative as I am a strong believer in the separation of church and state and fear that this administration has tried to infuse his Christian beliefs into a secular government.

Joyce Washington
I do not believe that federal funds should be made available to religious groups to provide social services if these groups are allowed to make their religious tenets central in the provision of those services. Such a policy would violate separation of church and state.

Republicans

John Borling
As long as one religion is not favored over another, I am for it. Again, it goes back to local solutions.

I support the President's position with respect to faith-based organizations. Sikhism follows many of the same values as Judeo-Christian beliefs in one creator. As a Sikh, I am very proud of the charity work done by Sikh groups for furthering society, and I am confident in religions of many stripes to do likewise in the United States. I also support the right of students to have voluntarily prayer on the grounds of public schools. This remains in the spirit of our First Amendment and does not infringe on the rights of anyone of a separate religion since they have the option of not participating. Our constitution provides us with the clause of freedom of religion in the U.S., not freedom from religion.

Andy McKenna
I support funding for faith-based initiatives. I do not believe this policy violates the Constitution, because it does not lead to the "establishment" of a national religion, nor is it designed to favor or promote particular religions.

The president has called on the nation to rally our armies of compassion to serve the public. Many people express compassion through their faith. Programs created and administered by religious organizations often provide highly effective social services in communities of great need. And they do so without demanding participation in their religious missions. For example, in Illinois, the Jewish Federation has been administering social welfare programs for more than 30 years without advocating any religious attitudes.

Many of these programs have a proven track record in helping people realize a better life in such important areas as job training, addiction counseling, and neighborhood policing. By encouraging a partnership between government and faith-based organizations, we can empower more people and provide more resources to serve those in need.

Jim Oberweis
I support the program.

Steve Rauschenberger
I support the president's faith-based initiatives.

Jack Ryan
As a society, we should embrace the positives provided by religious organizations that work everyday to make America a better place instead of working to discredit the progress they make.

Jonathan Wright
I believe the program is well intentioned and faith based programs are very effective. However, I do not support federal funding of faith-based initiatives. I support reduction of taxes to allow individuals the ability to give money to the faith-based program of their own choosing.

5. How familiar are you with Illinois' Jewish community and why should Illinois Jews vote for you?

Democrats

Gery Chico
As a father who has three children being raised in the Jewish faith, and as a person who has been to Israel and seen the sacrifices the Israeli people have made to survive in one of the world's most unstable regions, I am firmly committed to strengthening the historic bond that exists between the United States and Israel. I believe that my connections to the Jewish community and my commitment to the U.S. bond with Israel would make me the best candidate for any Jewish voter in Illinois.

Dan Hynes
Throughout the course of my life I have been privileged to work with Illinois' Jewish community and I have been honored to enjoy the community's support in my efforts as Illinois State Comptroller. I share many values and beliefs with Illinois Jews, and I have a strong record for working on their behalf. As State Comptroller, I was proud to advocate for economic investment in Israel, through the purchase and reinvestment of $10 million in Israel Bonds. Investing in Israel is good business for Illinois, because more than 200 Illinois-based companies and many of our state's academic institutions have long- standing relationships with their counterparts in Israel. In 2001 alone, Illinois exported more than $194 million in products to Israel.

As one of our state's top export partners, Israel has consistently proven to be a critical ally in providing economic opportunities in the agricultural, manufacturing and technological sectors of our economy. Moreover, it is important for Illinois to support and engage the Israeli economy-especially given its troubling economic situation-in order to secure Israel as a peaceful and stable democracy.

As U.S. senator, I will continue to be a vocal advocate for issues of importance to America's Jewish community and for a foreign policy that continues and fortifies the special relationship between America and Israel. We must be unwavering in our commitment to lead a peace process that will ensure a safe and secure Israel, in our allocation of substantial foreign aid for Israel, and in our efforts to continue the strategic partnership that ensures Israel's regional military advantage.

As a result of my record of support for the people of Israel and issues of importance to the American Jewish community, I have been privileged to receive the endorsement of many prominent members of Illinois' Jewish community.

Barack Obama
I am very familiar with the Illinois Jewish community, and have been pleased to work closely with the members of the community in many aspects of my work. I am also fortunate to have received much support in my campaign from the community.

Maria Pappas
I have some understanding of the Jewish community and the problems facing the Middle East from having spent time in Israel. After getting a degree in counseling, I taught in Israel as a part of the Adlerian Institute. I trained psychologists and psychiatrists in family counseling, and counseling parents and or family members who had lost someone during the war.

I believe, however, that Illinois voters should vote for me as I will go to Washington with a clear mission: Cut the deficit by eliminating the waste and pork-barrel spending, put the brakes on tax giveaways to the special interests-and apply spending to our needs at home for education, job creation, health care and agriculture.

I am the only candidate with experience in both the legislative and executive branches. On the Cook County Board, I exposed insider deals and questionable costs, and led the charge to reduce property taxes and institute ethics legislation. I have a proven record as a fiscal conservative, which I earned starting as Cook County Commissioner and continued in 1998, when I was chosen by voters to take over the deeply troubled Cook County Treasurer's Office. Overseeing an $8 billion operation, the second largest of its kind in the country. I completed the office's first comprehensive audit in more than 25 years. I built a model of reform, technology and efficiency, increasing taxpayer services and protections, accelerated tens of thousands of refunds each year, and reduced the staff by 27 percent, and scaled back the budget three years running.

Nancy Skinner
My campaign Chairman, Sheldon Drobny, is a prominent member of the Chicago Jewish community and Shelly and his wife Anita have been instrumental in helping us to reach out to Jewish Chicago. In my personal circle of friends, most are Jewish. They laugh and call me an honorary Jew, which I am proud of, and I would represent the Jewish communities throughout Illinois with all the dedication and pride that I can offer.

Republicans

John Borling
Upon returning home from the military I became CEO of the Chicago United Way, helped found Bronzeville Military Academy, and started the Chicago Memorial Day Parade. In each of those endeavors, I worked closely with Illinois/Chicago Jewish leaders such as Steve Nasatir and others. A good and ongoing personal working relationship has been established.

Illinois Jewish voters should vote for me for the same reasons that other voters should vote for me: I will be the best U.S. senator for America first, Illinois second, and I will keep my only campaign promise: to do my best to do so. I am the only candidate in the race with foreign policy and diplomatic credentials.

On a side note, alone of all the other candidates, I have some experience dealing with Israeli security issues. During the First Persian Gulf War, I was the head of the Strategic Air Command (SAC) and was in charge of Air Force operations. My duties included overseeing the Patriot missiles that shot down Scuds headed for Tel Aviv.

I have seen first-hand from an American national security standpoint the importance of a strong and secure Israel.

Chirinjeev Kathuria
I know and admire many Jewish individuals, and I am a strong supporter of Israel. As I previously noted, Sikhs and Jews share many strong religious beliefs and customs. We have both suffered discrimination and persecution because of our religious traditions and customs and we both have existed for hundreds of years and have large numbers of faithful throughout the world but are vastly outnumbered in the U.S. Jews had to struggle for liberation in the Middle East as Sikhs had to in India. Like Jews, Sikhs believe in one Creator, and being humble and maintaining a state of gratitude towards the Creator for all that one is blessed with. We believe in working hard and earning a living through one's own effort, protecting the rights of all people to worship as they choose, the value of family and providing a safe, nourishing environment for children, and fairness, justice and the right to protect the innocent and the weak. Sikhs wear a kind of head covering to cover the head in respect for G-d, as do nearly all religious male Jews. Sikhs believe that covering the head reminds us that there is a Creator, a Higher Power, above our own limited minds. Sikh males also share the Chasidic Jewish custom of wearing full beards, because they likewise see the untrimmed beard are a symbol of obedience to the laws of G-d. I can think of no two religions with more similarities than Sikhism and Judaism.

Jim Oberweis
I am very proud that I was presented the B'nai B'rith man of the year award last year. I was honored by them for my charitable work and volunteerism. I believe that I can represent families in Illinois of all faiths and backgrounds.

Steve Rauschenberger
I have served Illinois as a state senator for the last 12 years. During that time, I have traveled to Israel as a guest of various Israeli groups. During those trips, I learned a lot. I am a strong supporter of Israel and have been during my entire public career. As a U.S. senator, I will take that same commitment to the floor of the U.S. Senate and will continue to be a strong advocate for the Jewish community.

Jack Ryan
A large part of my campaign is about reaching out to EVERY voter in Illinois. We have had a great response from non-traditional Republican voters and we will continue these efforts through the primary election.

Just last week, I had the opportunity to host a meet and greet with members of the Jewish community and I was pleased with the large attendance. It was a great opportunity to listen to the specific issues that concern the community and share my views on issues I am framing my campaign around.

The Jewish community should vote for me for the same reasons so many other people from the full diversity of religious, ethnic, racial, and socio- economic backgrounds are supporting me. I am about what we have in common and the common desires of working families in Illinois across every demographic: safe communities to raise our families; a pro-growth job climate that empowers people to support their families and pursue their dreams; and education reform so that every child has the opportunity to earn a world- class education that will give them the skills they need to compete in our global, information-based economy. For these exact reasons the Jewish Political Alliance of Illinois has endorsed my candidacy.

Jonathan Wright
I believe the reason an Illinois Jew should vote for me is the same as the reason every other Illinoisian should vote for me. I have a proven voting record and I have a clear and uncompromising position on the issues. I have demonstrated a willingness to stand for principles over expedience. I will strive for reform regarding domestic issues and I will support the foreign policy of the current administration.